hoverboard-firmware-hack-fo.../Src/eeprom.c

731 lines
24 KiB
C

/**
******************************************************************************
* @file EEPROM_Emulation/src/eeprom.c
* @author MCD Application Team
* @version V1.3.0
* @date 18-December-2015
* @brief This file provides all the EEPROM emulation firmware functions.
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* <h2><center>&copy; COPYRIGHT(c) 2015 STMicroelectronics</center></h2>
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
* are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
* SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/** @addtogroup EEPROM_Emulation
* @{
*/
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "eeprom.h"
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Global variable used to store variable value in read sequence */
uint16_t DataVar = 0;
/* Virtual address defined by the user: 0xFFFF value is prohibited */
extern uint16_t VirtAddVarTab[NB_OF_VAR];
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* Private functions ---------------------------------------------------------*/
static HAL_StatusTypeDef EE_Format(void);
static uint16_t EE_FindValidPage(uint8_t Operation);
static uint16_t EE_VerifyPageFullWriteVariable(uint16_t VirtAddress, uint16_t Data);
static uint16_t EE_PageTransfer(uint16_t VirtAddress, uint16_t Data);
static uint16_t EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(uint32_t Address);
/**
* @brief Restore the pages to a known good state in case of page's status
* corruption after a power loss.
* @param None.
* @retval - Flash error code: on write Flash error
* - FLASH_COMPLETE: on success
*/
uint16_t EE_Init(void)
{
uint16_t pagestatus0 = 6, pagestatus1 = 6;
uint16_t varidx = 0;
uint16_t eepromstatus = 0, readstatus = 0;
int16_t x = -1;
HAL_StatusTypeDef flashstatus;
uint32_t page_error = 0;
FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef s_eraseinit;
/* Get Page0 status */
pagestatus0 = (*(__IO uint16_t*)PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS);
/* Get Page1 status */
pagestatus1 = (*(__IO uint16_t*)PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS);
/* Fill EraseInit structure*/
s_eraseinit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
s_eraseinit.PageAddress = PAGE0_ID;
s_eraseinit.NbPages = 1;
/* Check for invalid header states and repair if necessary */
switch (pagestatus0)
{
case ERASED:
if (pagestatus1 == VALID_PAGE) /* Page0 erased, Page1 valid */
{
/* Erase Page0 */
if(!EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS))
{
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
}
else if (pagestatus1 == RECEIVE_DATA) /* Page0 erased, Page1 receive */
{
/* Erase Page0 */
if(!EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS))
{
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
/* Mark Page1 as valid */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS, VALID_PAGE);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
else /* First EEPROM access (Page0&1 are erased) or invalid state -> format EEPROM */
{
/* Erase both Page0 and Page1 and set Page0 as valid page */
flashstatus = EE_Format();
/* If erase/program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
break;
case RECEIVE_DATA:
if (pagestatus1 == VALID_PAGE) /* Page0 receive, Page1 valid */
{
/* Transfer data from Page1 to Page0 */
for (varidx = 0; varidx < NB_OF_VAR; varidx++)
{
if (( *(__IO uint16_t*)(PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS + 6)) == VirtAddVarTab[varidx])
{
x = varidx;
}
if (varidx != x)
{
/* Read the last variables' updates */
readstatus = EE_ReadVariable(VirtAddVarTab[varidx], &DataVar);
/* In case variable corresponding to the virtual address was found */
if (readstatus != 0x1)
{
/* Transfer the variable to the Page0 */
eepromstatus = EE_VerifyPageFullWriteVariable(VirtAddVarTab[varidx], DataVar);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (eepromstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return eepromstatus;
}
}
}
}
/* Mark Page0 as valid */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS, VALID_PAGE);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
s_eraseinit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
s_eraseinit.PageAddress = PAGE1_ID;
s_eraseinit.NbPages = 1;
/* Erase Page1 */
if(!EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS))
{
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
}
else if (pagestatus1 == ERASED) /* Page0 receive, Page1 erased */
{
s_eraseinit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
s_eraseinit.PageAddress = PAGE1_ID;
s_eraseinit.NbPages = 1;
/* Erase Page1 */
if(!EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS))
{
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
/* Mark Page0 as valid */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS, VALID_PAGE);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
else /* Invalid state -> format eeprom */
{
/* Erase both Page0 and Page1 and set Page0 as valid page */
flashstatus = EE_Format();
/* If erase/program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
break;
case VALID_PAGE:
if (pagestatus1 == VALID_PAGE) /* Invalid state -> format eeprom */
{
/* Erase both Page0 and Page1 and set Page0 as valid page */
flashstatus = EE_Format();
/* If erase/program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
else if (pagestatus1 == ERASED) /* Page0 valid, Page1 erased */
{
s_eraseinit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
s_eraseinit.PageAddress = PAGE1_ID;
s_eraseinit.NbPages = 1;
/* Erase Page1 */
if(!EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS))
{
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
}
else /* Page0 valid, Page1 receive */
{
/* Transfer data from Page0 to Page1 */
for (varidx = 0; varidx < NB_OF_VAR; varidx++)
{
if ((*(__IO uint16_t*)(PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS + 6)) == VirtAddVarTab[varidx])
{
x = varidx;
}
if (varidx != x)
{
/* Read the last variables' updates */
readstatus = EE_ReadVariable(VirtAddVarTab[varidx], &DataVar);
/* In case variable corresponding to the virtual address was found */
if (readstatus != 0x1)
{
/* Transfer the variable to the Page1 */
eepromstatus = EE_VerifyPageFullWriteVariable(VirtAddVarTab[varidx], DataVar);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (eepromstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return eepromstatus;
}
}
}
}
/* Mark Page1 as valid */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS, VALID_PAGE);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
s_eraseinit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
s_eraseinit.PageAddress = PAGE0_ID;
s_eraseinit.NbPages = 1;
/* Erase Page0 */
if(!EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS))
{
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
}
break;
default: /* Any other state -> format eeprom */
/* Erase both Page0 and Page1 and set Page0 as valid page */
flashstatus = EE_Format();
/* If erase/program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
break;
}
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Verify if specified page is fully erased.
* @param Address: page address
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS: Page0 base address
* @arg PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS: Page1 base address
* @retval page fully erased status:
* - 0: if Page not erased
* - 1: if Page erased
*/
uint16_t EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(uint32_t Address)
{
uint32_t readstatus = 1;
uint16_t addressvalue = 0x5555;
/* Check each active page address starting from end */
while (Address <= PAGE0_END_ADDRESS)
{
/* Get the current location content to be compared with virtual address */
addressvalue = (*(__IO uint16_t*)Address);
/* Compare the read address with the virtual address */
if (addressvalue != ERASED)
{
/* In case variable value is read, reset readstatus flag */
readstatus = 0;
break;
}
/* Next address location */
Address = Address + 4;
}
/* Return readstatus value: (0: Page not erased, 1: Page erased) */
return readstatus;
}
/**
* @brief Returns the last stored variable data, if found, which correspond to
* the passed virtual address
* @param VirtAddress: Variable virtual address
* @param Data: Global variable contains the read variable value
* @retval Success or error status:
* - 0: if variable was found
* - 1: if the variable was not found
* - NO_VALID_PAGE: if no valid page was found.
*/
uint16_t EE_ReadVariable(uint16_t VirtAddress, uint16_t* Data)
{
uint16_t validpage = PAGE0;
uint16_t addressvalue = 0x5555, readstatus = 1;
uint32_t address = EEPROM_START_ADDRESS, PageStartAddress = EEPROM_START_ADDRESS;
/* Get active Page for read operation */
validpage = EE_FindValidPage(READ_FROM_VALID_PAGE);
/* Check if there is no valid page */
if (validpage == NO_VALID_PAGE)
{
return NO_VALID_PAGE;
}
/* Get the valid Page start Address */
PageStartAddress = (uint32_t)(EEPROM_START_ADDRESS + (uint32_t)(validpage * PAGE_SIZE));
/* Get the valid Page end Address */
address = (uint32_t)((EEPROM_START_ADDRESS - 2) + (uint32_t)((1 + validpage) * PAGE_SIZE));
/* Check each active page address starting from end */
while (address > (PageStartAddress + 2))
{
/* Get the current location content to be compared with virtual address */
addressvalue = (*(__IO uint16_t*)address);
/* Compare the read address with the virtual address */
if (addressvalue == VirtAddress)
{
/* Get content of Address-2 which is variable value */
*Data = (*(__IO uint16_t*)(address - 2));
/* In case variable value is read, reset readstatus flag */
readstatus = 0;
break;
}
else
{
/* Next address location */
address = address - 4;
}
}
/* Return readstatus value: (0: variable exist, 1: variable doesn't exist) */
return readstatus;
}
/**
* @brief Writes/upadtes variable data in EEPROM.
* @param VirtAddress: Variable virtual address
* @param Data: 16 bit data to be written
* @retval Success or error status:
* - FLASH_COMPLETE: on success
* - PAGE_FULL: if valid page is full
* - NO_VALID_PAGE: if no valid page was found
* - Flash error code: on write Flash error
*/
uint16_t EE_WriteVariable(uint16_t VirtAddress, uint16_t Data)
{
uint16_t Status = 0;
/* Write the variable virtual address and value in the EEPROM */
Status = EE_VerifyPageFullWriteVariable(VirtAddress, Data);
/* In case the EEPROM active page is full */
if (Status == PAGE_FULL)
{
/* Perform Page transfer */
Status = EE_PageTransfer(VirtAddress, Data);
}
/* Return last operation status */
return Status;
}
/**
* @brief Erases PAGE and PAGE1 and writes VALID_PAGE header to PAGE
* @param None
* @retval Status of the last operation (Flash write or erase) done during
* EEPROM formating
*/
static HAL_StatusTypeDef EE_Format(void)
{
HAL_StatusTypeDef flashstatus = HAL_OK;
uint32_t page_error = 0;
FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef s_eraseinit;
s_eraseinit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
s_eraseinit.PageAddress = PAGE0_ID;
s_eraseinit.NbPages = 1;
/* Erase Page0 */
if(!EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS))
{
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
/* Set Page0 as valid page: Write VALID_PAGE at Page0 base address */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS, VALID_PAGE);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
s_eraseinit.PageAddress = PAGE1_ID;
/* Erase Page1 */
if(!EE_VerifyPageFullyErased(PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS))
{
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
}
return HAL_OK;
}
/**
* @brief Find valid Page for write or read operation
* @param Operation: operation to achieve on the valid page.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg READ_FROM_VALID_PAGE: read operation from valid page
* @arg WRITE_IN_VALID_PAGE: write operation from valid page
* @retval Valid page number (PAGE or PAGE1) or NO_VALID_PAGE in case
* of no valid page was found
*/
static uint16_t EE_FindValidPage(uint8_t Operation)
{
uint16_t pagestatus0 = 6, pagestatus1 = 6;
/* Get Page0 actual status */
pagestatus0 = (*(__IO uint16_t*)PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS);
/* Get Page1 actual status */
pagestatus1 = (*(__IO uint16_t*)PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS);
/* Write or read operation */
switch (Operation)
{
case WRITE_IN_VALID_PAGE: /* ---- Write operation ---- */
if (pagestatus1 == VALID_PAGE)
{
/* Page0 receiving data */
if (pagestatus0 == RECEIVE_DATA)
{
return PAGE0; /* Page0 valid */
}
else
{
return PAGE1; /* Page1 valid */
}
}
else if (pagestatus0 == VALID_PAGE)
{
/* Page1 receiving data */
if (pagestatus1 == RECEIVE_DATA)
{
return PAGE1; /* Page1 valid */
}
else
{
return PAGE0; /* Page0 valid */
}
}
else
{
return NO_VALID_PAGE; /* No valid Page */
}
case READ_FROM_VALID_PAGE: /* ---- Read operation ---- */
if (pagestatus0 == VALID_PAGE)
{
return PAGE0; /* Page0 valid */
}
else if (pagestatus1 == VALID_PAGE)
{
return PAGE1; /* Page1 valid */
}
else
{
return NO_VALID_PAGE ; /* No valid Page */
}
default:
return PAGE0; /* Page0 valid */
}
}
/**
* @brief Verify if active page is full and Writes variable in EEPROM.
* @param VirtAddress: 16 bit virtual address of the variable
* @param Data: 16 bit data to be written as variable value
* @retval Success or error status:
* - FLASH_COMPLETE: on success
* - PAGE_FULL: if valid page is full
* - NO_VALID_PAGE: if no valid page was found
* - Flash error code: on write Flash error
*/
static uint16_t EE_VerifyPageFullWriteVariable(uint16_t VirtAddress, uint16_t Data)
{
HAL_StatusTypeDef flashstatus = HAL_OK;
uint16_t validpage = PAGE0;
uint32_t address = EEPROM_START_ADDRESS, pageendaddress = EEPROM_START_ADDRESS+PAGE_SIZE;
/* Get valid Page for write operation */
validpage = EE_FindValidPage(WRITE_IN_VALID_PAGE);
/* Check if there is no valid page */
if (validpage == NO_VALID_PAGE)
{
return NO_VALID_PAGE;
}
/* Get the valid Page start address */
address = (uint32_t)(EEPROM_START_ADDRESS + (uint32_t)(validpage * PAGE_SIZE));
/* Get the valid Page end address */
pageendaddress = (uint32_t)((EEPROM_START_ADDRESS - 1) + (uint32_t)((validpage + 1) * PAGE_SIZE));
/* Check each active page address starting from begining */
while (address < pageendaddress)
{
/* Verify if address and address+2 contents are 0xFFFFFFFF */
if ((*(__IO uint32_t*)address) == 0xFFFFFFFF)
{
/* Set variable data */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, address, Data);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
/* Set variable virtual address */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, address + 2, VirtAddress);
/* Return program operation status */
return flashstatus;
}
else
{
/* Next address location */
address = address + 4;
}
}
/* Return PAGE_FULL in case the valid page is full */
return PAGE_FULL;
}
/**
* @brief Transfers last updated variables data from the full Page to
* an empty one.
* @param VirtAddress: 16 bit virtual address of the variable
* @param Data: 16 bit data to be written as variable value
* @retval Success or error status:
* - FLASH_COMPLETE: on success
* - PAGE_FULL: if valid page is full
* - NO_VALID_PAGE: if no valid page was found
* - Flash error code: on write Flash error
*/
static uint16_t EE_PageTransfer(uint16_t VirtAddress, uint16_t Data)
{
HAL_StatusTypeDef flashstatus = HAL_OK;
uint32_t newpageaddress = EEPROM_START_ADDRESS;
uint32_t oldpageid = 0;
uint16_t validpage = PAGE0, varidx = 0;
uint16_t eepromstatus = 0, readstatus = 0;
uint32_t page_error = 0;
FLASH_EraseInitTypeDef s_eraseinit;
/* Get active Page for read operation */
validpage = EE_FindValidPage(READ_FROM_VALID_PAGE);
if (validpage == PAGE1) /* Page1 valid */
{
/* New page address where variable will be moved to */
newpageaddress = PAGE0_BASE_ADDRESS;
/* Old page ID where variable will be taken from */
oldpageid = PAGE1_ID;
}
else if (validpage == PAGE0) /* Page0 valid */
{
/* New page address where variable will be moved to */
newpageaddress = PAGE1_BASE_ADDRESS;
/* Old page ID where variable will be taken from */
oldpageid = PAGE0_ID;
}
else
{
return NO_VALID_PAGE; /* No valid Page */
}
/* Set the new Page status to RECEIVE_DATA status */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, newpageaddress, RECEIVE_DATA);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
/* Write the variable passed as parameter in the new active page */
eepromstatus = EE_VerifyPageFullWriteVariable(VirtAddress, Data);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (eepromstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return eepromstatus;
}
/* Transfer process: transfer variables from old to the new active page */
for (varidx = 0; varidx < NB_OF_VAR; varidx++)
{
if (VirtAddVarTab[varidx] != VirtAddress) /* Check each variable except the one passed as parameter */
{
/* Read the other last variable updates */
readstatus = EE_ReadVariable(VirtAddVarTab[varidx], &DataVar);
/* In case variable corresponding to the virtual address was found */
if (readstatus != 0x1)
{
/* Transfer the variable to the new active page */
eepromstatus = EE_VerifyPageFullWriteVariable(VirtAddVarTab[varidx], DataVar);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (eepromstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return eepromstatus;
}
}
}
}
s_eraseinit.TypeErase = FLASH_TYPEERASE_PAGES;
s_eraseinit.PageAddress = oldpageid;
s_eraseinit.NbPages = 1;
/* Erase the old Page: Set old Page status to ERASED status */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASHEx_Erase(&s_eraseinit, &page_error);
/* If erase operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
/* Set new Page status to VALID_PAGE status */
flashstatus = HAL_FLASH_Program(FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_HALFWORD, newpageaddress, VALID_PAGE);
/* If program operation was failed, a Flash error code is returned */
if (flashstatus != HAL_OK)
{
return flashstatus;
}
/* Return last operation flash status */
return flashstatus;
}
/**
* @}
*/
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/